Structural Heart Disease

Structural heart diseases include any issues preventing normal cardiovascular function due to damage or alteration to the anatomical components of the heart. This is caused by aging, advanced atherosclerosis, calcification, tissue degeneration, congenital heart defects and heart failure. The most commonly treated areas are the heart valves, in particular the mitral and aortic valves. These can be replaced through open heart surgery or using cath lab-based transcatheter valves or repairs to eliminate regurgitation due to faulty valve leaflets. This includes transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Other common procedures include left atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion and closing congenital holes in the heart, such as PFO and ASD. A growing area includes transcatheter mitral repair or replacement and transcatheter tricuspid valve repair and replacement.

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TAVR better, cheaper than SAVR for patients with COPD

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) was associated with lower in-hospital mortality and significantly fewer respiratory complications than surgery for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), according to study published April 1 in the Journal of the American Heart Association.

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FDA approves septal occluder for PFO closure to prevent recurrent stroke

Already approved for the purpose its name implies, the Gore Cardioform septal occluder has also received the FDA’s OK for patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure to prevent recurrent ischemic stroke.

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Mothers of infants with heart defects may have higher risk of CVD later in life

Women whose babies are born with congenital heart defects may have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease themselves, according to a study of more than one million women published online April 2 in Circulation.

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Rapid deployment surgical valves linked to higher rates of stroke, pacemaker implantation

Sutureless valves have recently been developed to streamline surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) procedures, with the hope that shorter operations lead to better outcomes. But a new study in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology suggests quicker is not always better.

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30% of bioprosthetic SAVR patients show valve degeneration within a decade

Bioprosthetic heart valves used in surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) procedures in the early 2000s demonstrated “satisfactory” durability, according to a single-center study published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

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Meta-analysis: High-dose ibuprofen best bet for closing PDA in preterm infants

A high dose of oral ibuprofen appeared to be the best option for closing patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in a meta-analysis of 4,802 preterm infants, researchers reported in JAMA.

Edwards notches win over Boston Sci in latest TAVR patent review

Edwards Lifesciences notched a victory in its ongoing dispute with Boston Scientific concerning transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) patents.

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Cardiac devices woven by indigenous women lead to excellent clinical outcomes

Occluder devices to combat congenital structural heart defects designed by the indigenous Aymara women suggest “excellent” clinical outcomes and have been approved by regulatory agencies in Canada, South America and the European Union.

Around the web

Ron Blankstein, MD, professor of radiology, Harvard Medical School, explains the use of artificial intelligence to detect heart disease in non-cardiac CT exams.

Eleven medical societies have signed on to a consensus statement aimed at standardizing imaging for suspected cardiovascular infections.