Heart Failure

Heart failure occurs when the heart cannot pump as much blood as the body requires. This ineffective pumping can lead to enlargement of the heart as the myocardium works harder pump the same amount of blood. Heart failure may be caused by defects in the myocardium, such as an a heart attack infarct, or due to structural issues such as severe heart valve regurgitation. Heart failure can be divided into HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), and HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The disease is further divided into four New York Heart Association (NYHA) classes. Stage IV heart failure is when the heart is completely failing and requires a heart transplant or hemodynamic support from a left ventricular assist device (LVAD).

Strategies to reduce 30-day HF readmission largely ineffective

A telephone survey of participants in the Get With the Guidelines Heart Failure Registry (GWTG-HF) found no correspondence between the improvement processes the hospitals implemented and rates of unplanned readmission for heart failure (HF) within 30 days post-discharge.

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ACC Corner | Cardio-Metabolic Syndrome: Insights & Opportunities Abound

With the prevalence of metabolic syndrome increasing, the cardiovascular field has been challenged with educational and research opportunities to build awareness and learn more about this growing health problem.

Nurse-led case management may reduce HF readmissions

Among chronic heart failure (CHF) patients who have previously been admitted to the hospital for this condition there is now good evidence that case management type interventions led by a HF specialist nurse reduces CHF related readmissions after one year of follow-up, all-cause readmissions and all-cause mortality, according to a large study published online Sept. 12 in The Cochrane Library.

Two breast cancer drugs together increase HF risk sevenfold

Women with invasive breast cancer treated with two chemotherapy drugs had a sevenfold increase in the risk of heart failure (HF) or cardiomyopathy, according to results published online Sept. 4 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. The risk was higher than that found in clinical trials, suggesting that trials may have underestimated the cardiotoxicity risk.

Circ statement: Time to transform cardiac ICU setting

The increased use of advanced supportive technologies, both cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular, requires specialized expertise that is not in the realm of common experience for the general clinical cardiologist, stated several American Heart Association councils. This transformation necessitates innovative approaches to the staffing, structure and training behind the contemporary cardiac ICU, wrote the authors.

Riata redux? Hauser study targets St. Judes Optim

Robert G. Hauser, MD, the Minneapolis Heart Institute cardiologist whose previous research focused on high-voltage failures in St. Jude Medicals Riata and Riata ST implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) leads, has identified another potential flaw: a proprietary coating designed to prevent insulation abrasion in Riata ST Optim and Durata ICD leads. The findings were published online Aug. 21 in EP Europace.

HF incidence dips in Ontario, but prognosis remains poor

The incidence of heart failure (HF) in Ontario dropped 32.7 percent in a 10-year period, according to an analysis that included inpatient and outpatient settings, but researchers found only modest improvement in the prognosis for HF patients. The study was published online Aug. 20 in the Canadian Medical Association Journal.

Stealth alerts increase monitoring of patients on warfarin

Alert fatigue diminishes the effectiveness of EHRs that warn physicians when they have prescribed a medication that interferes with another drug such as warfarin. Sending alerts to a patient management team rather than the prescribing physician increased the percentage of patients who were subsequently monitored, according to one study, suggesting that a stealth alert approach could be used to manage a variety of chronic diseases.

Around the web

Ron Blankstein, MD, professor of radiology, Harvard Medical School, explains the use of artificial intelligence to detect heart disease in non-cardiac CT exams.

Eleven medical societies have signed on to a consensus statement aimed at standardizing imaging for suspected cardiovascular infections.

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