Heart Failure

Heart failure occurs when the heart cannot pump as much blood as the body requires. This ineffective pumping can lead to enlargement of the heart as the myocardium works harder pump the same amount of blood. Heart failure may be caused by defects in the myocardium, such as an a heart attack infarct, or due to structural issues such as severe heart valve regurgitation. Heart failure can be divided into HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), and HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The disease is further divided into four New York Heart Association (NYHA) classes. Stage IV heart failure is when the heart is completely failing and requires a heart transplant or hemodynamic support from a left ventricular assist device (LVAD).

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High-sensitivity cardiac troponin can predict new-onset heart failure

Individuals with higher levels of cardiac troponin in their blood are at greater risk for developing heart failure for the first time, according to a meta-analysis published in JACC: Heart Failure.

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30-year analysis: Heart failure patients increasingly have HFpEF

The prevalence of left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) has declined over the last 30 years, and heart failure patients are increasingly demonstrating preserved ejection fraction versus reduced ejection fraction, according to a study published in JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging.

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Exercise in middle age can reverse heart effects of sedentary lifestyle

Previously sedentary, middle-aged adults who devote themselves to regular aerobic exercise for two years can increase their maximal oxygen uptake and decrease cardiac stiffness, according to new research published in Circulation.

Hysterectomies raise women's risk of heart failure, CVD

Women who undergo hysterectomies—especially those under 35 years old—are nearly five times more likely to develop congestive heart failure and are at increased risk for a slew of other coronary complications, according to a study of more than 2,000 Minnesota women.

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Post-heart transplant cancer rates are climbing

More than 10 percent of heart transplant recipients developed cancer between one and five years post-transplantation—most commonly skin cancer—according to a study published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Silent MI associated with downstream heart failure risk

Silent heart attacks, which contain few or minor symptoms and may not be diagnosed immediately, leave individuals at increased long-term risk for heart failure, according to a study published Jan. 1 in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

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End-stage kidney patients who receive LVADs likely to die before discharge

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who receive a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) survive an average of only 16 days after implantation, according to a small study published in JAMA Internal Medicine.

Small companies leading the way in heart-related stem cell research

In a field riddled with a “long list of failures,” as Reuters reported, small companies Athersys and Mesoblast are pushing forward with stem cell therapies that could be potentially life-changing for stroke and heart failure patients, as well as their practitioners.

Around the web

Ron Blankstein, MD, professor of radiology, Harvard Medical School, explains the use of artificial intelligence to detect heart disease in non-cardiac CT exams.

Eleven medical societies have signed on to a consensus statement aimed at standardizing imaging for suspected cardiovascular infections.