Structural Heart Disease

Structural heart diseases include any issues preventing normal cardiovascular function due to damage or alteration to the anatomical components of the heart. This is caused by aging, advanced atherosclerosis, calcification, tissue degeneration, congenital heart defects and heart failure. The most commonly treated areas are the heart valves, in particular the mitral and aortic valves. These can be replaced through open heart surgery or using cath lab-based transcatheter valves or repairs to eliminate regurgitation due to faulty valve leaflets. This includes transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Other common procedures include left atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion and closing congenital holes in the heart, such as PFO and ASD. A growing area includes transcatheter mitral repair or replacement and transcatheter tricuspid valve repair and replacement.

Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia: Treating Single Ventricle Defects

Approximately 3,000 U.S. children are born annually with severe heart defects in which one ventricle is too small or weak to pump effectively. While a single ventricle defect is not the most common birth abnormality, it is one of the most challenging due to its surgical complexity and high morbidity and mortality rate. As a result, high-volume facilities, such as the Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), have developed strategic programs to better manage and treat such patients.

News & Views

Experts clash on ARBs potential link to cancer

Cerenis scores $65M for R&D for HDL therapy

To assist in the development of its CER-001, an HDL therapy to prevent and treat cardiovascular disease, Cerenis Therapeutics has raised 40 million ($51.7 million U.S.) in series C financing and has been granted 10.7 million ($13.8 million U.S.) by French government organization OSEO.

BMS income slips slightly, despite sales gains in Q2

Bristol-Myers Squibb (BMS) has reported that its net income slipped to $1.27 billion in the 2010 second fiscal quarter, which ended June 30, compared with $1.3 billion in the prior-year quarter, despite an increase in net sales.

Radiology: Mammo CAD, double reading each have advantages; neither infallible

Single mammography reading with computer-aided detection (CAD) and double reading yielded similar cancer detection rates; however, each reading regimen helped radiologists detect cancers missed by the other, according to the CADET II study published in the August issue of Radiology.

NEJM: The Avandia chronicles, what to take from it

Due to the "ambiguous vote" July 14 by FDA advisers and the mounting body of data surrounding the diabetes drug rosiglitazone (Avandia), the FDA has only two choices: Either enact stronger warnings for the drug or remove it from the market all together, according to Clifford J. Rosen, MD, of the Maine Medical Center Research Institute in Scarborough, Maine, and an FDA advisory committee member.

FDA halts TIDE trial, amid Avandia regulatory review

The FDA has informed GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), the manufacturer of the diabetes drug rosiglitazone (Avandia), that the postmarketing trial TIDE (Thiazolidinedione Intervention With Vitamin D Evaluation) has been placed on partial clinical hold.

Lancet: HDL cholesterol in statin takers not predictive of CV risk

Among patients on high-doses of statin therapy who achieve low levels of LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol concentrations are not predictive of cardiovascular risk, according to a sub-study of the JUPITER trial published July 21 in the Lancet.

Around the web

Ron Blankstein, MD, professor of radiology, Harvard Medical School, explains the use of artificial intelligence to detect heart disease in non-cardiac CT exams.

Eleven medical societies have signed on to a consensus statement aimed at standardizing imaging for suspected cardiovascular infections.

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